IFES Election Guide | Country Profile: Russian Federation

Russian Federation

144,236,930
Population (as of Jan. 1, 2022)

112,782,115
Registered Voters (as of None)

65.11%
Average Turnout

13
Elections in our database

V-Dem* Score: 0.172
Regimes of the World Classification: Electoral Autocracy
*Varieties of Democracy Electoral Democracy Index (2024)

CEDAW Status: Signed and Ratified
Signed Date: July 17, 1980
Ratified Date: Jan. 23, 1981

SIGI Score: N/A

CRPD Status: Signed and Ratified
Signed Date: Sept. 24, 2008
Ratified Date: Sept. 25, 2012

HDI* Score: 0.832
Category: Very High
*UNDP Human Development Index (2023)

Name	Official Name	Type
Russian Federal Duma	Gosudarstvennaya Duma	Lower House
Russian Federation Council	Sovet Federatsii	Upper House
Russian Presidency	None	Head of State

Description of government structure:

Chief of State: President Vladimir Vladimirovich PUTIN (since 7 May 2012)
Head of Government: Prime Minister Mikhail MISHUSTIN (since 21 January 2020)
Assembly: bicameral Federal Assembly (Федера́льное Собра́ние) with a 170-seat Federation Council (Сове́т Федера́ции) and a 450-seat State Duma (Госуда́рственная ду́ма)

Description of electoral system:

The President is directly elected by absolute majority vote in up to two rounds. The President may serve up to two 6-year terms.
The Premier is appointed by the President and confirmed by the State Duma.
In the Federation Council, 170 members are appointed by the executive and the legislative officials of each federal unit of the Russian Federation. Members serve 4-year terms.
In the State Duma, 225 members are elected by plurality vote from single-seat constituencies, and an additional 225 members are elected by proportional representation vote from a single federation-wide constituency. All members serve 5-year terms.

Elections

2024-03-15 | Status: Held
Russian Presidency
Votes 87,394,861
Registered 112,782,115
Turnout 77.49

2021-09-19 | Status: Held
Russian Federal Duma
Votes 56,329,690
Registered 109,204,662
Turnout 51.58

2020-07-01 | Status: Held
Referendum
Votes 74,114,217
Registered 109,190,337
Turnout 67.88

2018-03-18 | Status: Held
Russian Presidency
Votes 73,578,992
Registered 109,008,428
Turnout 67.5

2016-09-18 | Status: Held
Russian Federal Duma
Votes 52,631,849
Registered 110,061,200
Turnout 47.82

2012-03-04 | Status: Held
Russian Presidency
Votes 71,701,665
Registered 109,860,331
Turnout 65.27

2011-12-04 | Status: Held
Russian Federal Duma
Votes 65,656,526
Registered 109,237,780
Turnout 60.1

2008-03-02 | Status: Held
Russian Presidency
Votes 102,767,070
Registered 107,222,016
Turnout 95.85

2007-12-02 | Status: Held
Russian Federal Duma
Votes 69,537,065
Registered 109,145,517
Turnout 63.71

2004-03-14 | Status: Held
Russian Presidency
Votes 69,581,761
Registered 108,064,281
Turnout 64.39

2003-12-07 | Status: Held
Russian Federal Duma
Votes 60,633,179
Registered 108,906,244
Turnout 55.67

2000-03-26 | Status: Held
Russian Presidency
Votes 75,070,776
Registered 109,372,046
Turnout 68.64

1999-12-19 | Status: Held
Russian Federal Duma
Votes 65,370,655
Registered 108,072,348
Turnout 60.49

Election For	Date	Status	Votes	Registered Voters	Turnout
Russian Presidency	2024-03-15	Held	87,394,861	112,782,115	77.49
Russian Federal Duma	2021-09-19	Held	56,329,690	109,204,662	51.58
Referendum	2020-07-01	Held	74,114,217	109,190,337	67.88
Russian Presidency	2018-03-18	Held	73,578,992	109,008,428	67.5
Russian Federal Duma	2016-09-18	Held	52,631,849	110,061,200	47.82
Russian Presidency	2012-03-04	Held	71,701,665	109,860,331	65.27
Russian Federal Duma	2011-12-04	Held	65,656,526	109,237,780	60.1
Russian Presidency	2008-03-02	Held	102,767,070	107,222,016	95.85
Russian Federal Duma	2007-12-02	Held	69,537,065	109,145,517	63.71
Russian Presidency	2004-03-14	Held	69,581,761	108,064,281	64.39
Russian Federal Duma	2003-12-07	Held	60,633,179	108,906,244	55.67
Russian Presidency	2000-03-26	Held	75,070,776	109,372,046	68.64
Russian Federal Duma	1999-12-19	Held	65,370,655	108,072,348	60.49

Voter Turnout

Hover to view election details.