IFES Election Guide | Country Profile: Kyrgyzstan

Kyrgyz Republic

7,099,750
Population (as of Jan. 1, 2023)

4,237,000
Registered Voters (as of Sept. 29, 2025)

64.20%
Average Turnout

18
Elections in our database

V-Dem* Score: 0.333
Regimes of the World Classification: Electoral Autocracy
*Varieties of Democracy Electoral Democracy Index (2024)

CEDAW Status: Ratified
Ratified Date: Feb. 10, 1997

SIGI* Score: 29.4
Level of Discrimination: Low
*Social Institutions and Gender Index (2023)

CRPD Status: Signed and Ratified
Signed Date: Sept. 21, 2011
Ratified Date: May 16, 2019

HDI* Score: 0.720
Category: High
*UNDP Human Development Index (2023)

Name	Official Name	Type
Kyrgyz Presidency	None	Head of State & Government
Kyrgyz Supreme Council	Jorgorku Kenesh	Assembly

Description of government structure:

Chief of State: President Sadyr JAPAROV (since 28 January 2021)
Head of Government: Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers Adylbek KASYMALIEV (since 27 February 2025)
Assembly: unicameral Supreme Council (Jorgorku Kenesh) with 90 seats

Description of electoral system:

The President is elected by absolute majority vote through a two-round system to serve a 5-year term.
The Prime Minister is nominated by the parliamentary party which holds more than 50% of the seats. The nomination must then be approved by the president. If no party holds more than 50% of seats, the president may select the party that will nominate a prime minister.
In the Supreme Council (Jorgorku Kenesh) 90 members are elected through a closed-list proportional representation system to serve 5-year terms. There is a five percent threshold for gaining representation. Parties are capped at 65 seats total.

Elections

2025-11-30 | Status: Date not confirmed
Kyrgyz Supreme Council
Votes -
Registered 4,237,000
Turnout -

2021-11-28 | Status: Held
Kyrgyz Supreme Council
Votes 1,281,622
Registered 3,703,420
Turnout 34.61

2021-01-10 | Status: Held
Kyrgyz Presidency
Votes 1,395,513
Registered 3,563,574
Turnout 39.16

2021-01-10 | Status: Held
Referendum
Votes 1,394,218
Registered 3,563,574
Turnout 39.12

2020-10-04 | Status: Confirmed
Kyrgyz Supreme Council
Votes 1,980,240
Registered 3,523,554
Turnout 56.2

2017-10-15 | Status: Held
Kyrgyz Presidency
Votes 1,697,868
Registered 3,014,434
Turnout 56.32

2016-12-11 | Status: Held
Referendum
Votes 1,200,446
Registered 2,851,952
Turnout 42.09

2015-10-04 | Status: Held
Kyrgyz Supreme Council
Votes 1,563,456
Registered 2,761,297
Turnout 56.62

2011-10-30 | Status: Held
Kyrgyz Presidency
Votes 1,858,596
Registered 3,034,084
Turnout 61.26

2010-10-10 | Status: Held
Kyrgyz Supreme Council
Votes 1,679,710
Registered 2,753,727
Turnout 61.0

2010-06-27 | Status: Held
Referendum
Votes 1,967,896
Registered 2,766,806
Turnout 71.13

2009-07-23 | Status: Held
Kyrgyz Presidency
Votes 2,302,027
Registered 2,670,530
Turnout 86.2

2007-12-16 | Status: Held
Kyrgyz Supreme Council
Votes 2,033,961
Registered 2,753,727
Turnout 73.86

2007-10-21 | Status: Held
Referendum
Votes 2,160,000
Registered 2,700,000
Turnout 80.0

2005-07-10 | Status: Held
Kyrgyz Presidency
Votes 2,002,004
Registered 2,670,530
Turnout 74.97

2003-02-02 | Status: Held
Referendum
Votes 2,137,334
Registered 2,465,775
Turnout 86.68

2000-10-29 | Status: Held
Kyrgyz Presidency
Votes 1,898,877
Registered 2,505,763
Turnout 75.78

1998-10-17 | Status: Held
Referendum
Votes 2,196,591
Registered 2,277,592
Turnout 96.44

Election For	Date	Status	Votes	Registered Voters	Turnout
Kyrgyz Supreme Council	2025-11-30	Date not confirmed	-	4,237,000	-
Kyrgyz Supreme Council	2021-11-28	Held	1,281,622	3,703,420	34.61
Kyrgyz Presidency	2021-01-10	Held	1,395,513	3,563,574	39.16
Referendum	2021-01-10	Held	1,394,218	3,563,574	39.12
Kyrgyz Supreme Council	2020-10-04	Confirmed	1,980,240	3,523,554	56.2
Kyrgyz Presidency	2017-10-15	Held	1,697,868	3,014,434	56.32
Referendum	2016-12-11	Held	1,200,446	2,851,952	42.09
Kyrgyz Supreme Council	2015-10-04	Held	1,563,456	2,761,297	56.62
Kyrgyz Presidency	2011-10-30	Held	1,858,596	3,034,084	61.26
Kyrgyz Supreme Council	2010-10-10	Held	1,679,710	2,753,727	61.0
Referendum	2010-06-27	Held	1,967,896	2,766,806	71.13
Kyrgyz Presidency	2009-07-23	Held	2,302,027	2,670,530	86.2
Kyrgyz Supreme Council	2007-12-16	Held	2,033,961	2,753,727	73.86
Referendum	2007-10-21	Held	2,160,000	2,700,000	80.0
Kyrgyz Presidency	2005-07-10	Held	2,002,004	2,670,530	74.97
Referendum	2003-02-02	Held	2,137,334	2,465,775	86.68
Kyrgyz Presidency	2000-10-29	Held	1,898,877	2,505,763	75.78
Referendum	1998-10-17	Held	2,196,591	2,277,592	96.44

Voter Turnout

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